Advisor(s)
Yu-Yin Lin
Committee Member(s)
Amjad Javed
Janice Jackson
Ping Zhang
School
School of Dentistry
Document Type
Thesis
Department (new version)
Dentistry
Date of Award
9-11-2025
Abstract
Background: Dental caries is a worldwide preventable public health problem. It affects any individuals regardless of their gender, age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been extensively used for preventing cavities, but it has side effects; therefore, some other biocompatible antimicrobial and remineralization-inducing alternative materials have been developed. Purpose: This study aims to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity, demineralization inhibition potential, and staining effect of SDF, Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF), and silver fluoride + potassium iodide (SF/KI). Methods: Three silver diamine fluoride-based materials were tested: SDF 38% (Advantage Arrest®, Elevate Oral Care, USA), 1500 ppm NSF (AgNPs, Chitosan, and Fluoride, Nano Research Elements, India), and 38% SF/KI (Riva Star Aqua, SDI Limited, Australia). The antimicrobial activity against S. mutans and C. albicans was assessed using the agar diffusion test. Additionally, the demineralization inhibition potential was assessed using the Vickers Microhardness Tester on bovine bone discs. Finally, the staining effects of the three silver-fluoride materials on demineralized bovine bone discs were evaluated. Results: All three anticariogenic materials tested have significant antimicrobial effects against S. mutans and C. albicans. SDF and SF/KI exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity, and the effects were significantly higher than those of NSF used in this study. Additionally, the three anticariogenic materials presented favorable and comparable demineralization inhibition potential in the experimental conditions assessed. Furthermore, SDF showed the highest staining effect on demineralized bone discs, whereas SF/KI and NSF offer a significant advantage in reducing the staining effects. Conclusions: Although SDF has strong antimicrobial activity and demineralization inhibition potential, its staining effect is evident. SF/KI exhibits more balanced properties with strong antimicrobial activity, strong demineralization inhibition potential, and limited staining effect. NSF offered good aesthetics with the benefit of reduced chair time; however, its formula requires further study and modification to provide more competitive antimicrobial and demineralization inhibition outcomes.
ProQuest ID
Recommended Citation
Torres, Quiesly, "In-Vitro Antimicrobial Activity, Demineralization Inhibition Potential, And Staining Effects Of Three Silver Fluoride Materials" (2025). All ETDs from UAB. 7432.
https://digitalcommons.library.uab.edu/etd-collection/7432
